LEG 500 Week 11 Final Exam – Strayer NEW
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Chapters 1 Through 9
LAW & ETHICS IN THE BUSINESS
ENVIRONMENT
CHAPTER 1
Law, Ethics, Business: An Introduction
Questions
1.
Select
the best definition of ethics:
- a
set of rules for behavior.
- a menu
of options regarding what we must do.
- a
menu of options regarding what we should do.
- standards
that must be met to avoid penalty.
2.
Laws
must be static and unyielding in order to provide stability for a society.
a.
True
b.
False
3.
Choose
the statement regarding duty to rescue that is false:
- There
is no general duty to rescue an individual.
- Individual
freedom of dictates that a person should not be forced to act.
- Under
a liberal–communitarian approach, citizens owe a duty to the state to rescue
other citizens.
- When
one taunts another person who then puts themselves in danger in response
to the teasing, the teaser has a duty to rescue the person teased.
4.
All
of the following are considered exceptions to the general rule that there is no
duty to rescue except:
a.
Pre-existing
duty: For example, lifeguards have
signed contracts agreeing to rescue people in exchange for pay and benefits.
b.
Witnessing
an accident: This creates a duty to step in and help the injured.
c.
Employer:
A duty exists to help an employee injured while working for that employer.
d.
Endangerment:
If one puts another in danger, they are obligated to rescue the person put in
danger.
5.
Which
of the following views would be consistent with the free market ethics approach
advocated by Milton Friedman?
- Outsourcing
to other countries is wrong because it is detrimental to the overall US
economy.
- When
making decisions, corporate managers should consider the interests of all
the corporation’s stakeholders.
- The
only social responsibility of business is to increase profits in a legal
and ethical manner.
- Automating
processes and replacing workers is unethical since it does not serve a
greater good.
6.
Which
of the following statements best illustrates the view of “utilitarianism”?
I.
From
each according to his abilities, to each according to his needs.
II.
The
risk reasonably to be perceived defines the duty to be obeyed and risks imports
relation; it is risk to another or to others within the range of apprehension.
III.
An
action is right when maximizing welfare and total well-being.
IV.
Individuals should pursue his or
her own self-interest, even at the expense of others.
- I only
- III
only
- I and
II
- I, II,
and III
7.
According
to deontological thinker Kant:
I.
It
is only acceptable to lie when done to protect an innocent person.
II.
The
level of respect owed to another is based on one’s relationship to that person.
III.
It
is wrong to use another person unless mutual benefit is attached.
IV.
Once chosen, actions will be
repeated whenever the same situation arises.
a. I and III
b. II and IV
c. III and IV
d. I, III, and IV
8.
Virtue
ethics:
a.
focuses
on what human beings are capable of being.
b.
develop
from learning how to make choices in difficult situations.
c.
accepts
that individuals rarely reach moral excellence.
d.
are
based on the concept that a person’s ethical beliefs are developed in childhood
and do not change.
9.
The
Ethic of Care is:
a.
A
set of rules that explain how to prioritize those people affected by a decision
so that a utilitarian analysis can be done successfully.
b.
A
set of universal principles, which applied evenly to all decisions will result
in fairness and equity in ethical decisions.
c.
The
idea that we should all make decisions under the assumption that we don’t know
our station in life, that we could be the person most negatively impacted by
the decision.
d.
A
set of principles that encourage decision makers to look at human relationships
as a primary motivator for a decision.
10. Assuming a business ethical
dilemma, which statement best illustrates Gilligan approach suggested in her
theory of “The Ethics of Care”?
- individual
rights and justice for all
- applies
only to women and not men
- care
and responsibility to others
- obedience
to independent moral rules or duties
11. Which of the following statements
is INCORRECT regarding the rights of shareholders?
I.
voting power on major issues and
ownership in a portion of the company
II.
right to transfer ownership and
dividend entitlement
III.
hire and fire management and
select and appoint a chief executive
- I and
II
- I, II,
and III
- I only
- III
only
12. According to Citizens United
v. Federal Election Commission, which of the following is not a reason to
allow corporations the right to spend money and advertise for political
candidates?
a. Political speech is the most
important, and most protected, speech that exists. It is crucial to the democratic process that
political speech be encouraged and heard.
b. The immense wealth of a
corporation allows it to be the most accurate in providing messages to
people.
c. Independent expenditure by
corporations do not give rise to corruption or the appearance of corruption.
d. Rapid changes in technology
suggest laws restricting political speech should not be upheld.
13. Corporate director or officer
decisions to dedicate corporate funds
for social causes is called:
a.
Corporate
Social Responsibility (CSR)
b.
Social
Activism (SA)
c.
Business
Engagement in Environmental Situations (BEES)
d.
Strategic
Investment in Stakeholder Issues (SISI)
14. Which of the following statements
regarding Benefit Corporations is true?
a.
Benefit
corporations are required to identify one or more specific benefit purposes.
b.
Directors
of benefit corporations are protected from all lawsuits from both shareholders
and beneficiaries of the corporation’s public benefit purpose.
c.
Benefit
corporations are incorporated under state law with the intent to be profitable.
d.
All
of these statements regarding benefit corporations are true.
Essay Questions
15. Describe the difference between
the law and ethics.
16. From where do ethical preferences
originate?
17. Discuss how multinational
corporations can be both a benefit and a detriment to society.
18. Explain why laws exist that do
not impose a duty to rescue.
19. Describe the philosophy of noted
economist, Milton Friedman, on the issue of “free market ethics.”
20. Discuss the differences in utilitarianism and
virtue ethics in making a decision.
21. Discuss the
similarities and differences between a traditional corporation and a benefit
corporation.
CHAPTER 2
The Duty of Loyalty: Whistleblowing
Questions
22. Select the best definition of
whistleblower:
- the
sole goal of modern ethics training
- originated
from the Latin "qui tam pro domino regequam
pro sic ipso in hoc parte sequitur"
meaning "who as well for the king as for himself sues in this
matter."
- a
narrow exception under the general rule of at-will employment
- people
who report unethical or illegal activities under the control of their
employers
23. Under the legal doctrine of “employment
at will” an employee can be lawfully terminated from her job for:
V.
wearing
a shirt that clashes with her suit
VI.
any
non-discriminatory reason
VII.
complaining
about illegal activity in the workplace
VIII.
only
for good cause
- a. I
only
- b. II
only
- c. I
and II
- d.
III and IV
24. Exceptions to the rule of
employment-at-will include which of the following?
I.
organization of unions
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